Potatoes

1. Nutritional characteristics

The potato growth period can be divided into bud growth period (tuber germination), seedling period (seedling emergence to bud), tuber formation period (bud from bud to bloom, and potatoes begin to form underground), tuber growth period (flowering to aging of stems and leaves, bulking of stems), and starch accumulation period (aging of stems and leaves to harvest, and the starch content of tubers increases). Potatoes are acid-resistant and grow in slightly acidic loose sandy soil with pH 5 ~ 6. The basic number of seedlings per unit area is the basis of regulating population structure and the primary factor affecting tuber quality.

2, need fertilizer characteristics

The amount and proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium required during the whole growth period of potatoes vary according to soil, climate, varieties and planting methods. The yield of fresh potatoes per mu is 2000 ~ 3000 kg, and nitrogen (N) 12 ~ 14 kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 7 ~ 9 kg, potassium (K2O) 15 ~ 18 kg (southern potato) or potassium (K2O) 10 ~ 16 kg (northern potato) need to be applied.

Potato is a potassium-loving crop, and the nitrogen and potassium absorption in the seedling stage are more than 20% of the total absorption respectively. In bud and flowering stage, due to the growth of stems and leaves and tuber expansion at the same time, the absorption of nutrients, potassium up to 70% of the total, nitrogen, phosphorus accounted for about 50% of the total; Starch accumulation period absorbed less nutrients, nitrogen, phosphorus absorption is more, about 30% and 20%, respectively, less potassium absorption accounts for about 5%. Adequate nutrient supply during tuber formation and growth plays an important role in increasing potato yield and starch content.

Potatoes are extremely sensitive to manganese deficiency, and more sensitive to boron and zinc deficiency. Manganese can reduce potato seedling rigidity rate, tuber rot rate and tuber spot rate, enhance stress resistance, increase plant weight, yield and commercial potato rate, and improve protein, starch, total sugar and reducing sugar components. Boron and zinc can promote tuber expansion, prevent cracking and promote potato photosynthesis. (Taken from the network, if there is infringement, please contact to delete.)

3. Fertilization technology

Base fertilizer: It is recommended to apply strong high-nitrogen and high-potassium special formula fertilizer (18-8-16, 14-8-18), applying 60 to 80 kg per mu.

Topdressing: For areas with high yield requirements, it is recommended to apply urea 10 ~ 15 kg, potassium sulfate 6 ~ 10 kg or strong high nitrogen and high potassium special formula fertilizer 15 ~ 20 kg before the bud.

The spreading should be combined with the ploughing of the cultivated land into the soil or the furrow covering. The furrow application should pay attention to the separation of fertilizer and seed potatoes, and keep at least 8 ~ 10 cm distance to prevent the burning of seeds and seedlings.